Buerger's+Disease

=Buerger’s Disease=

Western Diagnosis Thromboangiitis obliterans Obliterative disease with inflammatory changes in small and medium sized arteries and veins

---mostly in men aged 20-40 who smoke cigarettes ---5% in women ---none in non-smokers ---inflammation and thrombosis of involved vessels

Signs and Symptoms
1. gradual onset in most distal vessels of upper and lower extremities and progressing proximally 2. arterial ischemia and superficial phlebitis 3. coldness, numbness, tingling, burning 4. Raynaud’s phenomenon 5. intermittent claudication 6. persistent pain as inc ischemia 7. excess sweating and cyanosis of affected limb 8. ulceration, gangrene 9. dec or absent pedal arteries in most cases 10. 60% have sns in wrist arteries 11. pallor on elevation, rubor on dependency

Diagnosis
1. clinical 2. arteriography

Treatment
1. stop smoking: disease will always progress if not 2. like peri AS disease 3. Vitamin C 4. Bromelain 5. Turmeric 6. Dang Gui, Dan Shen