Bronchitis

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Definition:
Acute infection of the trachea and bronchioles.

Etiology:
The infection usually follows an upper respiratory infection. It is most common in the winter. Other factors involved in developing bronchitis include air pollution, chronic sinusitis, as well as irritating fumes (acute irritative bronchitis), such as ammonia, smoke, chlorine and others.

Somatic Therapies:
• breathing exercises: acute and chronic • aerobic exercise: mild, daily for chronic • posture correction to increase length of spine and open chest; consider yoga postures

Nutrition:
eating principles: » acute: • increase fluids: diluted vegetable juices, broths, herbal teas • fruit and vegetable juice fasts • low sugar » chronic: • elimination/rotation diet, rotation diet, rotation diet expanded • Researchers have found that breast-feeding prevents the development of lower respiratory tract infections among infants. (Pisacane A, et al. Acta Paediatr 1994;83:714-718; Kerr AA. New Zealand Med J 1981;93:333-335.)

therapeutic foods: • apricots, carob, slippery elm, carrots, elderberries, dill, pineapple, onions (Jensen) • foods rich in Vitamin A • carrots, apricot kernels, persimmons, white fungus, pears, honey, ginger, water chestnuts, yams, sweet potatoes, jujube, daikon radish, walnuts, papaya, peach kernels, lotus roots, seaweed, pine nuts, pumpkin (Ni, 113.)

» for Wind-Cold Invading the Lung: • increase Warming foods, easily digested foods: soups, porridges, meat broths

» for Phlegm Shi (Excess): • marjoram, mustard greens, mushroom, strawberry, string bean, papaya, potato, pumpkin, radish, agar, garlic, fresh ginger, Job's tears, kohlrabi, tuna

» for Hot Lung without Phlegm Shi (Excess): clears Heat from the Lung: • white fungus, agar, celery, asparagus, apple, pear, carrot, duck, Job's tears, mango, shark meat, mushroom, nori, octopus, papaya, peach, persimmon, pumpkin, radish, rice congee with carrot or adzuki bean

» for Lung Yin Xu (Deficiency): moisten and nourish Lung Yin: • dairy foods, pears, applesauce, seaweed in small quantity, shark meat, watermelon, mutton, tangerine, pinenut, chicken broth, clam, barley malt, walnut, yam, peanut, chicken egg

» for Lung Qi Xu (Deficiency): support the Middle Warmer, nourish the Righteous Qi: • Astragulus or Codonopsis cooked in soups, carrot, duck, celery, garlic, fresh ginger, grape, Job's tears, kohlrabi, tuna, barley malt, mango, mushroom, marjoram, mustard greens, olive, papaya, peach, peanut, pork, pumpkin, rice, yam

fresh juices: • juice of 2 lemons and 3 tbsp. honey to one pint flax seed tea. Use one tsp. every hour (Jensen, 50.) • carrot, beet, and cucumber (Walker, 128.) • carrot and spinach (Walker, 128.) • horseradish and lemon (Walker, 128.) • carrot and dandelion (Walker, 128.) • carrot (Walker, 128.) • raw eggplant (Ni, 113.)

specific remedies: • turnip pack externally on chest • carrots and apricot kernels cooked with rice porridge, three times daily, for 30 days (Ni, 113.) 2-3 pears, reinvigorate the core and fill with honey and eat before bed every day for l month (Ni, 113.) • juice from pineapple and lemon, drink before meals for relief (Ni, 113.) • to expel phlegm: mix honey and apple cider vinegar • cough syrup made from soaking chopped onions (or garlic) in honey overnight covered until a syrup has formed (Shefi) • 6 oz. chestnuts, 5 oz. pork. Braise together and eat 3-4 oz., twice daily. (Butt, Bloomfield, 124.) • 1 pear, 7 scallions, 3 oz. raw brown sugar. Boil in 1 pt. water until reduced by half. Eat and drink twice daily using half each time (Butt, Bloomfield, 152.) • take 10-15 g loquat fruit stones and crush them. Add 3 g fresh ginger, cover with water and simmer 1 hour. Serve twice daily. (Yin-fang, Cheng-jun, 48.) • cough with thick phlegm: take 2 dried persimmons and 30 g candied honey. Add water, steam in a covered pot, mash and eat, twice daily. (Yin-fang, Cheng-jun, 63.) • take a fresh lemon or orange, slice, and add 15 g sugar. Steam in water until soft, mash and serve, including the skin, twice daily. (Yin-fang, Cheng-jun, 64, 84.) • take 50 g of shelled peanuts, add water and boil, then mash. Drink the broth and eat the peanuts, twice daily. (Yin-fang and Cheng-jun, 97.) • burning cough with Phlegm Shi (Excess): simmer bamboo shoots in water and serve (Chao-liang, Qing-rong, Bao-zhen, 23.) • hot cough with Phlegm Shi (Excess): simmer bok choy in water and serve (Chao-liang, Qing-rong, Bao-zhen, 33.) • burning in lungs with frequent cough: simmer watercress in water and serve (Chao-liang, Qing-rong, Bao-zhen, 37.) • cough with excessive frothy Phlegm: blend together 1/4 cup fresh ginger juice and 30 ml honey and drink (Chao-liang, Qing-rong, Bao-zhen, 82.) • cough with excessive frothy Phlegm: simmer together 30 g coriander, 10 g dried ginger and 3 g bitter apricot kernels and drink (Chao-liang, Qing-rong, Bao-zhen, 82.)

avoid: • Avoid allergens/food intolerances: First, try eliminating milk and dairy products. Second, try eliminating grains, especially wheat. Chronic bronchitis will often respond within the first few days of the restriction. A short fast, followed by a hypoallergenic diet, can also be beneficial. (Marz. 323, 1997.)

• stimulating foods, spicy foods, alcohol, caffeine and cold drinks (Ni, 113.) cow's milk and other dairy products, white bread, refined foods, processed foods, sugar and sweets, catarrh-forming foods: oranges, tofu, tomatoes; meat, ice cream, shellfish

» for Wind-Cold Invading the Lung: • Cooling foods, eggs » for excess Lung Phlegm: • dairy, soy products, coconut, sugar, sweet rice, persimmon, pork, almond, honey, peanut » for Hot Lung Phlegm: • garlic, fresh ginger, pork, mustard green, sweet rice, sugar, walnut

Botanicals
• Achillea millefolium (yarrow): bronchitis with fever, dryness not congestion; rapid, full pulse (Wood). • Aconitum napellus (toxic): acute (Felter and Lloyd, p. 105) • Allium cepa (onion): poultice 15-20 minutes (NCNM Botanicals) • Allium sativa (garlic): especially indicated when there is tenacious mucus in the trachea, or at the bifurcation of the tubes; compare with Lilium longiflorum, when there is tenacious mucus in the periphery of the bronchial tree (Wood) • Althea officinalis: demulcent for irritability of respiratory system in chronic bronchitis (Weiss, p. 194, 195) • Angelica archangelica: traditonal warming and drying herb which removes damp and cold from the lungs (Wood); chronic; stimulates respiratory membranes (Felter and Lloyd, p. 267) • Asclepias tuberosa (toxic): a Thomsonian diffusive which disperses fluids from the lungs to the skin; promotes gentle diaphoresis through internal membranes and the skin; specific for chronic damage from pleurisy; adhesions in the pleura, causing sharp sticking pains; water collects in the lower respiratory tract, but tissues are dry in the trachea and throat (Wood); tight, painful cough, difficult respiration, aids expectoration; soreness of chest from coughing (Ellingwood, p. 250) • Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco: (Ellingwood, p. 248) • Brassica (mustard): poultice 15-20 minutes (NCNM Botanicals) • Bryonia alba (toxic): with frothy, blood streaked expectoration (Kings, p. 369) • Cephaelis ipecacuanha: acute (Ellingwood, p. 245) • Echinacea angustifolia: fetid (Ellingwood, p. 358) • Foeniculum vulgare: seeds, essential oil are broncho-dilating (Anderson Geller) • Gelsemium sempervirens (toxic): sedative in early stages of acute (Felter, p. 388; Felter and Lloyd, p. 923) • Grindelia robusta: anti-spasmodic, chronic spasmodic bronchial coughs, chronic in aged (Harper-Shove, p. 120, Ellingwood, p. 247); sticky, viscid mucus (Wood) • Inula helenium: incipient, acute bronchitis, especially in children; a large chunk of mucus develops in the upper-middle lungs which cannot be expectorated at first, but later generates profuse expectoration; the patient, especially a child, swallows this excess mucus, resulting in indigestion. Inula will "break up" the incipient congestion in the early stage, will decongest and settle the stomach. Also useful in chronic catarrhal conditions dependent on stagnation in the lymphatics (Wood); chronic, excessive catarrh (Priest and Priest, p. 92) • Ligusticum porteri (osha root): acute viral infection (Moore); chronic congestion, the lungs are exhausted and full of phlegm; patient exhausted and tired; pulse full, slow and empty (Wood). • Lilium longiflorum (easter lily): stagnant mucus; congestion in the periphery of the bronchial tree; tongue coated (Wood) • Lomatium dissectum (bear root): viral bronchitis (Alstat). • Linum usitatissimum (flax seed): (infuse 1 oz. to 1 quart water) to soothe mucous membrane inflammation (Felter and Lloyd, p. 1147) • Lobelia inflata (toxic): a relaxing and stimulating diffusive which equalizes the tension on the muscles; hence useful in spasmodic conditions, especially of the vagus, where there is respiratory spasm accompanied by heartburn, nausea; worse from tobacco smoke, especially stale smoke; patients who have never been healthy since quiting tobacco; in chronic inflammation of the lungs, when the heat produces dryness, tightness and spasm; the characteristic tongue is coated or red on one side or part, indicating an intense local congestion (Wood); sense of tightness in chest with some difficulty breathing (Ellingwood, p. 238) (Philipov S, et al. Z Naturforsch 1998;53:311-317.) • Lycopus virginicus: indicated when the circulation is rapid and tumultuous, the fluids are being dried out (Yin Deficiency), the tongue is red, there is some mental restlessness, perhaps hyperthyroid; Heart Yin Xu (Deficiency) (Wood; see Rafinesque, Scudder) • Malva sylvestris: demulcent for irritability of respiratory system (Weiss, p. 196) • Marrubium vulgare: acute bronchial and sinus congestion (Wood) • Monarda fistulosa (wild bergamot): an old Indian remedy for removing heat, tension, nervousness; acute, sub-acute or chronic bronchitis, where the skin is alternately clammy and cool, and dry and warm (Wood). • Physostigma venenosum (toxic): with bronchial dilatation and dyspnea (Harper-Shove, p. 120) • Pimpinella anisum: gentle soothing cough remedy, may use as a flavoring agent for formula (Weiss, p. 203); seeds, essential oils are bronchodilating (Anderson Geller); as a sweet, pungent herb, it both decongests and builds up strength (Wood) • Pinus strobus (white pine): thick, tenacious, sap-like, bright green mucus, difficult to raise; infection in the lower tract above the diaphragm; patient exhausted (Wood) • Plantago lanceolata (plantain): when a fiber or splinter lodges in the bronchial tract, or the cough sounds as if a fiber were lodged therein; a dry, irritating cough; plantago draws out the object and, as a mucilage, coats and soothes. • Polygala senega (senega snake root): bronchopneumonia; hot mucus brewing in the lungs; thick tenacious mucus with heat; pulse hard and rapid (Wood). • Populus candicans (balsam poplar): the buds are used like propolis, but do not taste as good (Wood). • Populus trichocarpa: buds (Anderson Geller) • Primula officinalis (root): chronic bronchitis with simple coughs and inadequate expectoration (Weiss, pp. 201, 202) • Propolis: indispensable in the treatment of bronchitis; indicated when the tissues are hot and dry, raw feeling in the upper chest; sometimes accompanied by laryngitis; removes the infection. It is best to use a single drop of the tincture, 1-6x/day, as needed, to relieve the raw sensation. Propolis is more volatile in tincture (Wood). • Prunus serotina: acute irritable cough, chronic bronchitis with debility, chronic cough with excessive expectoration (Ellingwood, p. 259, Priest and Priest, p. 92); histaminic irritation of the trachea, producing irritable cough (Wood). • Pulmonaria officinalis: gentle pulmonary tonic (Priest and Priest, p. 92) • Sambucus nigra (elderberry) (Zakay-Rones Z, et al. J Altern Complement Med 1995;1:361-369.) • Sticta pulmonaria: bronchial irritation, dry hacking cough (Priest and Priest, p. 94) • Tussilago farfara: demulcent, debilitated and chronic conditions, see formulae below (Priest and Priest, p. 94) • Veratrum viride (toxic): chronic (Felter and Lloyd, p. 2053) • Verbascum thapsus: dryness of the mucous membranes, resulting in a harsh, racking cough that shakes the frame, and may even break a rib; sub-acute and chronic bronchitis that relapses every winter, or every few months (Wood); irritable chronic bronchitis (Priest and Priest, p. 94) • Viola odorata (especially root): cough remedy (Weiss, p. 202). Dr. Robert Cooper used this remedy for catarrhal conditions of the nose, sinus and ears (Wood)

British Herbal Pharmacopoeia also lists for bronchitis: • Allium sativum • Angelica archangelica (leaf, root) • Drosera rotundifolia • Hyssopus officinalis • Pilosella officinarum • Polygala senega • Prunus serotina • Sanguinaria canadensis (toxic) • Thymus vulgaris • Urginea maritima

Chinese Formulae
» acute: • Ma Huang C. (Ma Huang Tang): Lung Invaded by Wind-Cold: including bronchitis in infants (Hsu, 1980, p. 76; Yeung, p. 156; Dharmananda, 1986, p. 124; Bensky and Barolet, p. 33) • San Niu Tang; Chuan Xiong Cha Tiao Wan (patent): Lung Invaded by Wind-Cold: cough with profuse sputum, dyspnea, general aching of the body (San Niu Tang: Yeung, p. 187; Chuan Xiong Cha Tiao Wan: Zhu, p. 41) • Ma Huang and Apricot Seed C. (Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang); Sang Ju Gan Mao Pian (patent) (early stage); Ma Xing Zhi Ke Pian (patent) (later stages): Lung Invaded by Wind-Heat, including children's bronchitis and asthmatic bronchitis (Ma Huang and Apricot Seed C.: Hsu, 1980, p. 68; Yeung, p. 157; Dharmananda, 1986, p. 126; Bensky and Barolet, p. 88; Sang Ju: Zhu, p. 42; Ma Xing Zhi Ke Pian: Zhu, p. 73) • Hui Chun Dan (patent): Lung Obstructed by Phlegm-Heat. (Zhu, p. 195) • Eriobotrya and Ophiopogon C. (Qing Zao Jiu Fei Tang): Lung Dryness: hacking cough, headache, fever, wheezing, dry throat, dry nasal passages (Hsu, 1980, p. 532; Yeung, p. 179; Dharmananda, 1986, p. 206; Bensky and Barolet, p. 160)

» chronic: • Pinellia and Magnolia C. (Ban Xia Hou Po Tang); Su Zi Jiang Qi Wan (patent): Liver Qi Stagnation with plumpit Qi: feeling of something caught in the throat. (Pinellia: Hsu, 1980, p. 395; Yeung, p. 42; Dharmananda, 1986, p. 226; Bensky and Barolet, p. 291; Su Zi Jiang Qi Wan: Zhu, p. 72) • Six Major Herb F. (Liu Jun Zi Tang); Ping Chuan Wan (patent): Lung and Spleen Qi Xu (Deficiency) (Six Major Herb: Hsu, 1980, p. 242; Yeung, p. 150; Dharmananda, 1986, p. 131; Bensky and Barolet, p. 238; Ping Chuan Wan: Zhu, p. 96; Ge Jie Da Bu Wan: Zhu, p. 266) • Qiu Li Gao (patent): Lung Yin Xu (Deficiency) (Zhu, p. 90) • Rehmannia Eight F. (Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan); Ge Jie Da Bu Wan (patent): Kidney Yang Xu (Deficiency) (Rehmannia: Hsu, 1980, p. 250; Yeung, p. 138; Dharmananda, 1986, p. 173; Bensky and Barolet, p. 275; Ge Jie Da Bu Wan: Zhu, p. 266) • Minor Blue Dragon C. (Xiao Qing Long Tang); Ping Chuan Wan (patent): Lung Invaded by Wind-Cold: fever and chills without sweating, coughing, wheezing, sputum that is copious, white, stringy, difficult to expectorate; generalized sense of heaviness (Minor Blue: Hsu, 1980, p. 43; Yeung, p. 261; Dharmananda, 1986, p. 127; Bensky and Barolet, p. 38; Ping Chuan Wan: Zhu, p. 96) • Belamcanda 15 (patent): Fire Toxin; plus Pinellia 16 for Phlegm; plus Astragalus 16 for chronic bronchitis, weakness, sweating; plus Laminaria 4 (patent) for tenacious sputum; plus Tremella 14 (patent) for Lung Yin Xu (Deficiency) with thirst (Dharmananda, 1990: Belamcanda, p. 64: Pinellia, p. 53: Astragalus, p. 80: Laminaria, p. 47: Tremella, p. 27)

Acupuncture
after assessing the person and palpating, consider these patterns: acute: Wind-Cold, Wind-Water; Wind-Heat; chronic: Phlegm and Dampness in the Lung; Kidney Unable to Grasp Lung Qi; Yin Xu (Deficiency), esp. Lung Yin; Liver Fire Insulting Lung; dysfunction of the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel)

» illustrative combinations: • GV-14, gan re xue and St-40 for bronchitis (Shanghai, p. 193) • Lu-7, Lv-13, LI-10 and LI-4; UB-11, UB-12, UB-13, UB-14, UB-36/41 and UB-38/43; St-12 and CV-20; Ht-3 and CV-14 for bronchitis (Mann, p. 94) • Kd-2, UB-60 and Kd-4 (listed as "Kd-5"); TW-16 and UB-13; SI-1 and Ht-9; CV-12, St-40 and CV-17; UB-38/43, Sp-9 and PC-6; GB-10 and CV-28 for cough with excessive expectoration or Phlegm that cannot be expectorated (Mann, p. 91) • GV-14, UB-13 and UB-38/43 (D) for chronic bronchitis (Shanghai, p. 198) • GV-12, GV-14 and UB-13 (D) for chronic bronchitis (Shanghai, p. 197) • UB-13, Lu-1 and Lu-6 for chronic bronchitis (Shanghai, p. 176) • Lu-5 and St-40 to clear Phlegm (and Heat) of bronchitis or pertussis • ding chuan, UB-12, UB-13, LI-4; also consider LI-11, GV-14, hua tuo jia ji of C7 to T6, Lu-5, Lu-7, St-40 (Lee and Cheung, p. 240) • GB-12, UB-10, GB-20, GV-12, UB-11, UB-12, UB-13, UB-17, UB-19, PC-3, LI-4, CV-22 for bronchitis (Lee and Cheung, p. 242) • UB-11, UB-13, CV-22, Lu-5, TW-5, Lu-8, Sp-6 for bronchitis (Lee and Cheung, p. 242) • CV-17, CV-22, ding chuan, St-40, LI-11, St-36 for bronchitis (Lee and Cheung, p. 242) • St-12, CV-17, CV-14 for cough (Lee and Cheung, p. 242) • Lu-10, Lu-7, SI-1, St-12 for cough (Lee and Cheung, p. 242) • SI-1, UB-15, St-14 for cough (Lee and Cheung, p. 242) • UB-13, St-36, CV-17, St-18, UB-12, St-12 for bronchitis (Lee and Cheung, p. 242) • UB-23 and UB-47/52 (+): increase vitality; tonify the Kidney; strengthen Kidney function of reception of Qi; Kidney Shu Associated point and Kidney psychospiritual associated point • CV-12, St-25 and St-27 (+): relieve associated anorexia or digestive problems; regulate the Stomach Qi; strengthen the Spleen and dissipate Dampness

Homeopathy
• Aconitum napellus: short, dry cough from exposure to dry cold air, increased by every inspiration; painful sensitivity of painful parts aggravated by breathing, coughing, talking; cough dry, tickling at night; great restlessness, anxiety, hot skin; > lying on back • Calcarea carbonica: teething children, loose cough, rattling of mucus, oppression of chest as if too full, cough dry at night, loose daytime, < inspiration and eating, playing piano, profuse head sweat, especially during sleep • Carbo vegetabilis: evening hoarseness, burning under sternum, soreness of chest and heat of body when coughing; paroxysmal cough, < going into cold air from a warm room, cold knees in warm bed, pyrosis with great flow of water during day • Causticum: morning hoarseness, hollow, racking cough, < on getting warm in bed from evening to midnight, relieved by a swallow of cold water; annoying cough with involuntary discharge of urine and pain over left hip; expectoration cannot be raised, must be swallowed • Chamomilla: dry cough, < at night, anger, cold air, > from warmth, warm drinks; expectoration only in daytime, none at night; oppression of chest as it were not wide enough or as if throat were throttled, with constant desire to cough; oversensitivity of the nerves of women and children • Iodium: tickling dry cough, young persons subject to spitting blood; palpitations; swelling of cervical and bronchial glands; progressive emaciation with good appetite; cough from every effort to expand chest; suffocative feeling, shortness of breath at least exertion • Nux vomica: short, slow, stridulous breathing; cough dry, fatiguing from titillation of the larynx, < after midnight and in the morning, with pain in the stomach and soreness in the abdominal walls, after eating; with every cough the head seems to split, expectoration painful, consisting of thick foamy white or green mucus; cough excited by beer and < in the morning, > by warm drinks; involuntary micturition when coughing, laughing or sneezing; after previous use of cough mixtures • Sulphur: atelectasis of lungs, esp. left, with loud bronchial rales; after failure of ant-t., ip. or ph-ac.; cough > evening, when lying down; with itching in the bronchi; with retching not > by expectoration of greenish lumps of sweetish taste, hot flushes, cold feet or hot palms and soles of feet

Subtle Support
• notes: A, A#, B, C, C#, D, D#, E, F, G, G#

• chords: dominant 7th, diminished 7th, diminished 8th, A Major, A# Major, C Major, G Major, G# Major (Gimbel, p. 116)

fungal: • Strauss' waltzes • La Paloma • Minuet in G • Schubert's Serenade • March of the Wooden Soldiers • Brahm's Lullaby • Schubert's Ave Maria • From the Land of the Sky Blue Water • Somewhere, Over the Rainbow (Heline, p. 18)

mental/emotional: • Rhythmic folk songs • County Derry • Songs of Steven Foster • Spanish tangos • Brahm's Hungarian dances • Sousa's marches • Strauss' waltzes • Gilbert and Sullivan • Indian Love Call • My Wild Irish Rose • Wishing • Estrellita (Heline, p. 18)

Mind/Body
• Grief, loss and sadness. (Epstein, p. 188) • Inflamed family environment; arguments and yelling, sometimes silent. (Hay, 1984, p. 158) • Inflammation: fear; inflamed thinking; seeing red; anger and frustration about conditions in one's life. (Hay, 1984, p. 170-1)

• Lung ~ Fei is the home of the Po (Corporeal Soul); governs the Qi; facilitates the immune function by assisting the dispersal of the Wei (Protective) Qi; regulates the rhythm of respiration, the pulse, and all bodily processes; relates to strength and sustainability; includes the throat; opens at the nose; and controls the pores. » Healthy expressions are righteousness and courage. » Weakness, dysfunction, and illness are associated with excessive grief, sadness, worry, and depression. Worry depletes the Lung Qi. » Lung Xu (Deficiency) signs include cold shoulder and back; changing complexion; inability to sleep (Seem, p. 28); shortness of breath; changes in urine color; rumbling in the bowels with loose bowel movements; pallor; malar flush; chills; sniffles; sneezing; light cough; and sensitivity to cold. Chronic Lung Yin Xu (Deficiency) increases susceptibility to Heat rising and acute Shi (Excess) conditions such as Phlegm, Wind, Cold, and Heat. » Lung Shi (Excess) signs include panting; yawning; sneezing (Seem, p. 28); pain in the upper back, shoulder, and chest; colds with stuffed nose; hoarseness; wheezing respiration; frequent urination with small amounts; heavy chest; reduced lung capacity; coughing; and nasal discharge.
 * Chinese psychophysiology:**

• Liver ~ Gan is the home of the Hun (Ethereal Soul); it relates to decisiveness, control, and the principle of emergence; maintains smooth flow of Qi and Xue (Blood); controls the muscles, especially their contractility; and reflects emotional harmony and movement. » Healthy expressions are kindness, spontaneity, and ease of movement. » Liver Qi Stagnation reflects and accentuates emotional constraint as the Liver's function of facilitating smooth flow in the body is constricted. Stagnation is associated with frustration, irritability, tension, and feeling stuck. With time this pattern tends to produce a gloomy emotional state of constant resentment, repressed anger or depression, along with tightness in the chest, frequent sighing, abdominal tension or distension, and/or a feeling of a lump in the throat with difficulty in swallowing. (Maciocia, p. 216) » Liver Shi (Excess) signs include discontent; anger; pain in lumbar region and genitals (Seem, p. 28); muscular tension; excessive sex drive; insomnia; moodiness; excitability; genital diseases; red, tearing eyes; compulsive energy; and bitter taste in the mouth. Chronically suppressed anger can implode and give rise to Fire in the Liver and Gall Bladder with symptoms of irritability, bitter taste, headaches, etc., and a tendency to "insult" the Lung causing a dry, irritating cough.

• Kidney ~ Shen stores Jing (Essence) and governs birth, growth, reproduction, development, and aging; houses the Zhi (Will); expresses ambition and focus; facilitates inspiration by grasping and pulling down the Qi of the breath; and relates particularly to chronic illnesses because it carries the constitutional endowment from the parents. » Healthy expressions are gentleness, groundedness, and endurance. » Kidney Xu (Deficiency) signs include indecisiveness; confused speech; dreams of trees submerged under water; cold feet and legs; abundant sweating (Seem, p. 28); hearing loss; fearfulness; apathy; chronic fatigue; discouragement; scatteredness; lack of will; negativity; impatience; difficult inhalation; low sex drive; lumbago; sciatica; and musculoskeletal irritation and inflammation, especially when worse from touch. » Intense or prolonged fear depletes the Kidney. Often chronic anxiety may induce Xu (Deficiency) and then Fire within the Kidney. (Maciocia, p. 250) Overwork, parenting, simple aging, and a sedentary or excessively indulgent lifestyle all contribute significantly to Kidney Xu (Deficiency).

Integrative Therapies
Bronchitis is an inflammation or infection of the bronchi or tubes leading down into the lungs. It usually follows a common cold. Common symptoms are slight fever, chills, cough, and sometimes chest pain.

If pneumonia is suspected, a fever of 102 degrees Fahrenheit or higher persists for more than 24 hours, or you have shallow breathing, wheezing, or coughing of blood, see your physician.

If there is a tendency to get repeated bronchitis yearly or more often, you must try to find the cause. Look for exposure to lung irritants such as chemical fumes or cigarette smoke. Other causes include an improper diet, which leads to nutrient deficiencies and irregular bowel movements, which cause an accumulation of toxins.

IT IS IMPORTANT THAT YOU: 1. Stimulate your immune system to help fight the inflammation. 2. Make sure there is proper drainage of your respiratory tract. 3. Improve bowel functions.

THE FOLLOWING SUPPLEMENTS ARE USEFUL, AND YOU CAN TAKE THEM UNTIL SYMPTOMS IMPROVE:

1. Vitamin C – 1,000 milligrams 3 to 6 times a day.

2. Bioflavonoids – 1 gram per day.

3. Vitamin A – 25,000 Units per day.

4. Beta-carotene – 200,000 Units per day. Pregnant women (or women who may become pregnant) should not take more than 15,000 Units of Beta-carotene a day.

5. Vitamin B complex – 50 milligrams, 2 times per day.

6. Zinc – 15 milligrams, 2 times per day.

7. Thymus extract – 500 milligrams, 2 times per day.

8. Garlic – 2 capsules, 3 times per day.

All vitamins can be taken with meals.

THE PROPER DIET FOR BRONCHITIS OR COUGHS WILL INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:

Eat lightly for the first few days, avoiding fried, very fatty, or spicy food. Milk and all milk products (such as cheese and yogurt) should be removed from the diet. Decrease sugar intake, including all candies and pastries, which slow down the immune system.

HERBS USED FOR BRONCHITIS OR COUGHS:

1. Make a cough-soothing mixture with the following herbs:

• 2 ounces of Licorice Root • 1 ounce of Wild Cherry Bark • 1 ounce Lobelia • 1 ounce of Horehound

Boil the mixture slowly in 4 cups of water for 2 minutes. Steep for 10 minutes. Strain and take 1 cup every 2 hours if an adult, 1/2 cup for children. Sweeten with honey, if necessary.

2. The same herbs can be taken in a tincture, which is a liquid herbal extract, in the same proportions. Take 1 tablespoon every 2 hours for an adult and 1 teaspoon for a child 2 years old or older.

3. Other herbs commonly used for lung conditions are Mullein, Hyssop, Grindelia, and Coltsfoot.

4. Honey Onion Syrup is commonly used for lung conditions. Slice a large onion thinly, place in a bowl, and cover with 1 to 2 tablespoons of honey. Cover tightly and let it sit for 8 hours. Mash and strain. Take 1 teaspoon every 1 to 2 hours.

5. As a general immune stimulant and anti-bacterial, take a combination of Echinacea and Golden Seal. Combine equal parts and prepare the same as the cough-soothing mixture. Take 1 cup, 4 times a day, or if using a tincture, use 1 to 2 teaspoons, 4 times a day.

PHYSICAL THERAPY MEASURES ARE AS FOLLOWS:

1. A heating pad or hot water bottle can be applied to your chest and back 15 to 20 minutes twice a day.

2. Apply hot packs to your chest. Use a cotton cloth or towel folded in 2 to 4 layers. Soak in hot water and wring out. Apply to your chest and cover with a dry cloth to prevent heat loss. Leave for 10 minutes. Friction rub with a damp, cold towel just after removing the hot one. Repeat 2 more times.

3. Postural Drainage – Lay on a bed face down with the upper part of your body hanging off the bed. Use your forearms for support. Have someone tap on your back with a flat hand. Put a basin on the floor near your head to cough into. Lie 5 to 10 minutes in this position 1 to 3 times a day. This will help clear excess phlegm from your lungs.

HOMEOPATHY:

There are many remedies for coughs, depending on the symptoms. Choose among the following remedies. Dissolve 3 pellets under the tongue 3 times a day.

• Antimonium tart. 6C: For a cough, with a deep rattling sound in the chest, that does not bring the phlegm up and for a feeling of suffocation and drowsiness.

• Bryonia 6C: For a dry, painful cough that hurts with movement. The person may hold their chest to keep from moving and may be irritable.

• Hepar sulph 6C: For a loose, rattling, or croupy, barking cough. For a person overly sensitive to cold air or even a slight draft. For a person who can't bear to be uncovered.

• Ipecac 6C: For a gagging or wheezing cough. The person is nauseous or sick to the stomach.

• Phosphorus 6C: For a dry cough with an irritating tickle in the throat. The person is thirsty for cold drinks, even when chilly.

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Dietary Recommendations
Drink water. Eat food which is easy to digest (preferably liquids) at first, in a light soup. Eat several small meals at first. can drink cabbage as a tea (60g. decoction, cooked in half liter of water for 15 minutes;use honey to sweeten) Drink fresh fruit juice. Avoid eating too much starchy food.

Recommended Minerals
-Sulfur

Orthomolecular Treatment
-Cysteine (cystine)

Acupuncture Treatment (Acute)
Application in the cavity of a sinus ST-9 and such acupuncture as at GV-11, B-11, B-12, B-15, B-16, GV-9, LU-5, CV-22, LU-1, K-26, LI-13, GB-21, and CV-14