Endocrinology

Hypothyroidism Hyperthyroidism Addison's Disease Cushing's Syndrome Pheochromocytoma Diabetes Mellitus Hypoglycemia

Anatomy and Physiology
A. hormone 1. a chemical substance formed in one organ or part of the body andcarried in the blood to another organ or part B. hypothalamus - pituitary - end organ; feedback loops

History
A. any sx that you can think of can be a manifestation of an endocrine abnormality --when sx don’t fit into a specific organ pattern --tentative dx and tx don’t work B. change in general appearance - change in skin or body hair C. temperature - hot or cold feelings or intolerances D. weight gain or loss E. loss of or excess appetite F. thirst G. frequent urination H. fatigue I. excess perspiration J. past hx of specific endocrine disorders K. family hx of specific endocrine disorders

Physical
A. specific for each glandular abnormality

Laboratory
1. be aware of timing of blood draw 2. resting levels of a hormone may not reflect the gland’s ability to respond to stimulation 3. elevated levels may be due to inadequate breakdown
 * hormone levels**

Imaging
A. x-rays, CT, US, MRI B. radioactive scans

Emergencies
A. thyroid storm B. adrenal crisis C. diabetic ketoacidosis D. non-ketotic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar com