Iodine+(I)

Iodine is a (non)metalloid that appears in metallic-looking brownish flakes that leave yellow stains on the skin and which emit a purple vapor at room temperature with a characteristic smell. The body contains between 20-30mg. of iodine, essentially in the thyroid Everyday, we use approximately 50-100 micrograms of iodine, 98% of which is taken back by the thyroid in order to synthesize thyroid hormones.

-Presence of iodine in the blood is called iodaemia -Normal levels of iodaemia is 4-8µg./ml. -Protide iodine represents 80% of hormonal iodine

=Role of Iodine= -One of the components of the hormones produced by the thyroid gland, and it enables the synthesis of the thyroid hormones that command: metabolism of cells Speed at which enzymes react Oxygen combustion and consumption phenomena -Regulation of growth, reproduction and neuromuscular function as well as skin and hair metabolism

=Pro-Compounds= Cobalt

=Anti-Compounds= Lithium

=Daily Requirements= Almost always provided in daily diets, especially if fish of seafood is eaten regularly. Recommended intake =~160µg/day for adults and 185µg. for pregnant and breastfeeding women.

=Deficiency= -Increase in volume of the thyroid gland (simple or endemic goutre)

=Excess= A dose of 2g. is deadly -Acne -Hypothyroidism

Prolonged intake can lead to a poisoning called iodism, which manifests as coryza, watering of the eyes, excessive salivation, acne, purpura and can lead to edema of the glottis and the lungs

=Sources= CONTENTS IN mg./100
 * Cod || 0.100 ||  ||   ||   || Whiting || 0.010 ||
 * Tuna || 0.080 ||  ||   ||   || Eel || 0.010 ||
 * Herring || 0.070 ||  ||   ||   || Prunes || 0.010 ||
 * Sardines || 0.050 ||  ||   ||   || Garlic || 0.009 ||
 * Crab || 0.040 ||  ||   ||   || Carrots || 0.009 ||
 * Shrimp || 0.040 ||  ||   ||   || Strawberries || 0.008 ||
 * Turbot || 0.040 ||  ||   ||   || Tomatoes || 0.007 ||
 * Sea Bream || 0.040 ||  ||   ||   || Sorrel || 0.007 ||
 * Green Beans || 0.030 ||  ||   ||   || Pike || 0.006 ||
 * Pineapple || 0.030 ||  ||   ||   || Bream || 0.006 ||
 * Mussels || 0.030 ||  ||   ||   || Lettuce || 0.005 ||
 * Lobster || 0.030 ||  ||   ||   || Nuts || 0.004 ||
 * Onions || 0.020 ||  ||   ||   || Hazelnuts || 0.003 ||
 * Turnip || 0.020 ||  ||   ||   || Lemons || 0.003 ||
 * Blackberries || 0.020 ||  ||   ||   || Trout || 0.003 ||
 * Gooseberries || 0.020 ||  ||   ||   || Whole Wheat Flour || 0.002 ||
 * Hake || 0.020 ||  ||   ||   || Spinach || 0.002 ||
 * Oysters || 0.018 ||  ||   ||   || Melons || 0.002 ||
 * Cultivated Mushrooms || 0.018 ||  ||   ||   || Grapes || 0.002 ||
 * Radishes || 0.017 ||  ||   ||   || Leeks || 0.001 ||
 * Milk || 0.012 ||  ||   ||   || Whole Wheat Bread || 0.001 ||
 * Mackerel || 0.010 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||

Iodine-rich Food Supplements
-Seaweed -Seawater -Fish Soft Roe -Powdered Oysters -Plasma Marinum

=Therapeutic Indications= -Hypothyroidism -Obesity -Hypertension -Lymphatism -Fatigue -Miscarriage -Goiter -Hypercholesterolemia -Lethargy -Obesity (related to hypothyroidism) -Loss of intellectual acuity -Fibrocystic breast dis-ease

=Therapeutic Doses= Between 150-500µg., but only if a deficiency has been detected through laboratory testing. The margin of safety between the required dose and the toxic dose is small.

=
=================================================================================== //Medical Nutrition// • –Body contains 20-30mg, 75% in thyroid gland • Easy absorption • Stored in thyroid –bound “Iodide • Also involved directly in estrogen metabolism in the breast – free “Iodine”- organic forms • Iodide form has more side effects – acne, altered thyroid function

Function
• FX: Iodine is used for thyroid hormone primarily • Also found concentrated in gastric mucosal, salivary glands, choroid plexus, lactating mammary glands

Treatment
• (**SSKI** –supersaturated potassium iodine; Lugol’s sodium iodide 40-45mg iodide/drop; Caseinated iodine (iodaminol), aqueous iodine, elemental diatomic or molecular iodine. Tx – 15 drops/day/ 1-8 drops/day for chronic conditions) - Satya gets it from scientific botanicals • Goiter –txed with thyroid, or if fairly new 300-600 μg/d of iodine • Fibrocystic breast disease –vaginal, oral and topical have been shown to help. • Hyperthyroid 300-900mg/d • Atherosclerosis dissolves chol in vitro • Asthma and bronchitis- expectorant and mucolytic agent • Lymphatic stasis- sebaceous cysts • Salivary duct stone dissolution 7-10 drops SSKI tid x 1-2 weeks • Keloid, Dupuytren’s contracture, Peyronie’s disease- topical • Antiviral, bacterial, fungal • Sarcoidosis • Estrogen metabolism – increases estrone and estradiol conversion to estriol PMS/B Ca • Stomach emptying, decreasing spasms • Sinusitis with flying or post- flying infections- 10 drops in water, thins nasal secretion, - 1 drop/day • UTI/honeymoon cystitis – acute 10 drops = 300mg I H2O, 5ppm is bactericidal • Acne – topical • I inhibits enzyme that inhibits human amylase, decreasing gas with beans • (Dr Kunin- see p143)

Toxicity
• Sometime causes rashes, nausea, headaches, increased secretions, and alleric reactions. Acne dermatitis can occur with underlying infections. Higher doses (20- 30mg) may inhibit thyroid fx.