Cardiomyopathy

Western Diagnosis Structural or functional abnormality of the ventricular myocardium that is not the result of hypertension or congenital, valvular, coronary, arterial, or pericardial abnormalities

Classifications
1. dilated (congestive): HF with ventricular dilation & systolic dysfunction 2. hypertrophic: ventricular hypertrophy with diastolic dysfunction 3. restrictive: ventricular non-compliance

Etiology
1. varies by type a. ischemic myopathy, infections, metabolic disorders, drugs, toxins, neoplasms, connective tissue disorders, pg b. genetic, pheo, acromegaly, neurofibromatosis c. PSS, hemochromatosis, neoplasms

Signs and Symptoms
1. like HF --fatigue, exertional dyspnea --rales --hepatojugular reflux --pitting edema 2. like CAD --angina --exertional dyspnea --syncope 3. inc diastolic pressure --arrhythmias --exertional dyspnea --orthopnea --pitting edema

Diagnosis
1. hx & px exam 2. chest x-ray 3. ECG 4. echocardiogram

Prognosis
1. poor for both dilated and restrictive: 70% 5 yr mortality 2. hypertrophic - 4% annual mortality: worse with early onset; sudden death

Treatment
1. meds depend on type 2. like other CV diseases -- Mg --taurine --CoQ10 --vitamin E --selenium [deficiency occurs in animals]