Zinc+(Zn)

=Other Names= zinc acetate, zinc citrate, zinc lactate, zinc glutinate, zinc oxide, zinc sulphate

=General Presentation= The human body contains 2-3g. of zinc (for every 7g. of iron) and it is found everywhere in the body. However there are higher concentrations in the muscles, liver, kidneys, bones and prostate. It is eliminated particularly through the intestines, but also through the sweat glands and through skin desquamation.

=Role of Zinc= -Part of the composition of numerous enzymes (100 enzymes) and plays a role in the main metabolisms (glucide, lipid and protein) as well as the synthesis of nucleic acids -One of the elements that compose pancreatic insulin -Stimulates the production of lymphocytes -Maintains health and function in the prostate in men -Involved in serotonin synthesis -Participates in the function of alcohol dehydrogenase to rid the body of alcohol

=Pro-Compounds= Vitamin A (in excess), Calcium, Copper, Phosphorus

=Anti-Compounds= Alcohol, Calcium (in excess) and Phosphorus (insufficient)

=Daily Requirements= 11 (over 19) || 12 (over 19) ||
 * AGE || Mg./Day ||
 * 0-6 months || 2 ||
 * 7-12 months || 3 ||
 * 1-3 years || 3 ||
 * 4-8 years || 5 ||
 * 9-13 years || 8 ||
 * 14-18 years (Male) || 11 ||
 * 14-18 years (Female) || 9 ||
 * 19+ years (Male) || 11 ||
 * 19+ years (Female) || 8 ||
 * During Pregnancy || 12 (over 18)
 * During Breastfeeding || 13 (over 18)

=Deficiency= Alcoholics, diabetics and people suffering from renal problems or impaired digestive absorption are more at risk of having a zinc deficiency -Decreased immune function -Delayed Growth -Problems w/ smell and taste -Lowered male fertility -Dermatitis, diarrhea -Depression -Weight Loss -Irritability -Apathy

=Excess= Taken in high doses (100mg.+/day) over a long period of time, zinc can cause: -Copper deficiency -Diarrhea -Gastro-intestinal Irritation -Necrosis of the renal tubule and intestinal nephritis -Attack of the central nervous system and immune function imbalance

=Sources=
 * FOOD || SERVING ||
 * Pacific Oysters, raw or steamed || 100g. (3oz.) (2-4 medium) ||
 * Wheat Germ, raw || 60ml. (30g.) ||
 * Veal Liver, sauteed or braised || 100g. (3oz.) ||
 * Beef, shoulder, flank or sirloin, braised || 100g. (3oz.) ||
 * Grain-fed Veal, shoulder, lean or fat, roasted || 100g. (3oz.) ||
 * Lamb Shank or Shoulder, braised || 100g. (3oz.) ||
 * Crab, steamed or boiled || 100g. (3oz.) ||
 * Rock Lobster, boiled or steamed || 100g. (3oz.) ||
 * Beef or Pork Liver, sauteed or braised || 100g. (3oz.) ||
 * Pork Shoulder, braised or roasted || 100g. (3oz.) ||
 * Lean Ground Beef, 17%MF, grilled || 100g. (3oz.) ||
 * Lean Lamb, roasted || 100g. (3oz.) ||
 * Sesame Seeds, dried or roasted || 60ml. (1/4 cup) ||
 * Sesame Butter, Tahini, unroasted seeds || 30ml. (2 tbsp.). ||
 * Clams, canned || 100g. (3oz.) ||
 * Lobster, steamed || 100g. (3oz.) ||
 * Chicken, dark meat, boiled || 100g. (3oz.) ||
 * Shiitake Mushrooms, dried || 10 mushrooms (36g.) ||
 * Legumes, cooked || 250ml. (1 cup) ||
 * Pumpkin and Squash Seeds, whole, roasted or dried || 60ml. (1/4 cup) ||

Zinc-rich Food Supplements
-Seaweed -Wheat Germ -Pollen -Seawater -Plasma Marinum -Molasses

=Therapeutic Indications= -Prevents Macular Degeneration -Reduces Cold Symptoms -Reduces Acne -Hypophyseal Insufficiency -Asthenia -Fatigue -Nervous Disorders -Menopause-related Disorders -Alcoholism -Atheriosclerosis -Baldness -Cirrhosis of the Liver -Diabetes -Healing of internal and external wounds -High Cholesterol -Infertility (men)

=Therapeutic Doses= Between 30-60mg. are the doses most currently used

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ZINC: • Picolinate, Citrate, Aspartate, Gluconate (BEST ABSORBED), oxide • -Actively transported, regulated by sulpher amino acids • -Absorption increased with soy protein, red wine,glucose and lactose. Inhibited by phytates, Fe, and Cu. • -Stored in muscle, spleen, liver, and bone marrow. RBCs and WBCs have large concentrations, as do skin, prostate, retina (esp. macula).

Functions
• -Synthesis of chol, protein, fats, 300 different metabolic enzyme reactions • -Regulates release of VitA from the liver. • -Cell growth, esp. epithelial, CNS, GI, and immune system. • -Prostate inhibition of 5-alpha-reductase Test- >DHT-> prostate proliferation (Lycopene) • -Vision- requires Zn • -Antioxidants- SOD/ ETOH metab/ cofactor in PGE1 and 3 production • -Insulin production requires Zn, and insulin receptors • -Immune function requires Zn esp. TH1 balance with TH2, If low abnormal apoptosis. • -Taste requires Zn (Zycam –Zn swab for sinuses can kill nerves in nose for taste & smell) • -bulimia and anorexia will have low levels. • -Protects from heavy metals, displacing Cu, Cd & Pb. • -Anti-inflammatory via NO pathways • Hair loss

• RDA: 15mg/d • ODI- 30mg/d • Lab: WBC/ Zn tally test

• Deficiency:
Decreased mental growth -mental lethargy, sexual and genital development, skin health- eczema, dermatitis, alopecia, poor healing, rough skin, acne, decreased appetite and taste/smell, poor nail growth and white spots, diarrhea in children, poor sleep, behavior, IBD, impaired glucose, dandruff, arthritis, Etohism • (DERM, INF., RA, Ulcers)

Treatment:
• 1. RA- thru SOD reduces toxins and inflammation (Psoriatic effective as well) • 2. Immunity- enhancement of Tcells – colds, HIV (increases CD4) –Gluconate best absorbed • 3. Eczema- PGE1/3 anti-inflammatory • 4. Acne- with B6 for men and women equivalent to tetracycline in effectiveness, follicular keratosis, rosacea • 5. Skin damage- topically and internally • Intestinal damage –parasites, colitis, celiac, ulcers, esophagitis, canker sores, periodontal disease, warts • Cervical dysplasia Zn + B6, folate, sterolins, O3FAs • Anosmia / taste - Immunity • Pharyngitis “ • Prostate / BPH– testosterone ~5 alpha reductase • Infertility “ • Lead and cadmium exposure • Copper toxicity • Cataracts • Macular degeneration 45mg sulfate x 2yr slowed rate double blind • Anorexia nervosa 45 mg/d increased food intake, • Ears ringing improved 52%

• Childhood learning – enhanced focus - Autism/ ADD • Hepatitis C –Zn and L-carnosine increase interferon’s antiviral affects- TL Dec 2002 • DM – Zn increases insulin sensitivity and insulin production/ IDDM reduces retinopathy, improves insulin response • Reduces LDLs and VLDLs • Stabilizes estrogen levels if high or low • Support for malnourished children inc. growth • Increases thyroid production if low • Ulcers can be reduced with 30mg tid, • Toxicity: 20mg or more may upset stomach, best with food • Long term will increase cholesterol and lower HDL -> 50mg/d. Take with copper 10:1 to 30:1 –Zn:Cu • Copper, calcium and Iron can interfere with Zn absorption.-Watch with treating anemia with iron