Pycnogenol

=Other Names= Proanthocyanins (with Resveratrol), proanthocyanidines, leucoanthocyanidines

=Generalities= Pycnogenol contains catechins, epicatechins, proanthocyanidines and phenolic acid. It is not only a brand name, but also a term that denotes a group of molecules found in the bark of coniferous trees

=Modes of Action and Properties= -Inhibits elastase and collagenase -Stimulates the immune system -Stimulates the synthesis of nitric oxide -Reduces the risk of capilary permeability and bleeding -Prevents LDL oxidation -Protects DNA from free radicals -Inhibits platelet aggregation

=Therapeutic Indications= -Infections -Raynaud's dis-ease -Poor memory and early on-set senility (Alzheimer's Dis-ease) -Cardiovascular dis-ease (hypercholesterolemia and atheriosclerosis)

=Contraindications= None known except those taking immunosuppressants

=Precautions= None Known

=Food Sources= -Pine Bark Extract

=Therapeutic Dose= Prevention: 200-600mg./day Cancer: 500mg./day Optimal Levels are unknown