Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is the reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis. = = =Western Clinical Diagnosis= == Generalized progressive decrease in bone tissue mass. Causes skeletal weakness

Pathology
1) Bone resorption greater than bone formation 2) Ratio of mineral to rganic elements unchanged in N bnoe 3) Decrease in cortical thickness 4) Decrease in number & size of trabeculae in cancellous bone 5) Increased bone resorption 6) Bone formation usually normal

Etiology & Classification
//Endocrine// xs glucocorticoids hyperparathyroidism hyperthyroidism hypogonadism hyperprolactinemia diabetes mellitus //Drug-Induced// Corticosteroids Ethanol Tobacco Barbituates Heparin //Misc.// Immobilization Rheumatoid Arthritis Renal disease Hepatic disease Malabsorption Malignancy COPD high fat, high protein, low carbohydrate diet
 * Secondary: <5%**

Most common form of metabolic bone disease idiopathic Postmenopausal - 51-75 years 6x more common in women more loss of trabecular bone vertebral crush fracture distal radius fracture - Colle's fracture Endocrinologic changes Senile -> 70 years 2x more in women Trabecular and cortical bone Femoral neck, vertebrae, proximal humerus, proximal tibia, pelvis Possible decrease in vitamin D synthesis or resistance to vitamin D activity due to decrease in vitamin D receptors
 * Primary**
 * Type 1**
 * Type II**

Risk Factors
Aging Female gender Nulliparity Early menopause Race - more in whites and orientals thinness low calcium intake (Mg, selenium, boron, etc also) sedentary lifestyle positive family history

Signs & Symptoms
1) Aching pain in bones of the back 2) vertebral crush fractures in no trauma from T8 to below isolated fracture of T4 and above may mean CA 3) Acute non-radicular pain 4) Local tenderness

Lab
1) Serum calcium, potassium, protein electrophoresis, ESR all normal 2) hypercalciuria - 20% 3) parathyroid hormone: Decrease in type 1, increased in type 2

Imaging
1) x-ray exam will show decreased radiodensity of vertebra: not easily diagnosed until >30% bone loss 2) DXA - dual x-ray absorptiometry. Done for Women: Over 65; under 65 if postmenopausal w/ 1+ risk factors. Men: anyone over 70; between 50-70 w/ 1+ risk factors. Either: over 50 w/ a fractured bone. 3) Bone densitometry

Treatment
1) Based on cause 2) Prevention - best time to grow strong bone density is during adolescence 3) Calcium 1-1.5 gm/day 4) Vitamin D 2000 IU/day 5) other minerals - Mg 500mg/day, Boron 2mg/day, Silica 1mg/day 6) Exercise 7) Decrease protein 8) No smoking, decrease alcohol, coffee, high phosphorus (depletes Ca levels - found in carbonated drinks, higher in darker sodas) 9) Vitamin K: osteocalcin for bone mineralization 10) Estrogen: 0.625-1.25 mg./day 11) Bisphosphonates a. inhibit osteoclast activity b. alendronate: Fosamax

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=============================================================================================== =Potential Contributing Factors= Potassium Deficiency

=Treatment=

Dietary Recommendations
High protein diet; bone meal, seaweed, royal jelly, pollen

Recommended Minerals
-Magnesium -Phosphorus -Silica -"[|Osteoprime]"

Orthomolecular Treatment
-Lysine -Proline -Omega-6

= =

Prescription
2 Months, 75 drops Morning: Vaccinum Vitis Idaea D1 Noon: Rubus Fructicosus D1 Evening: Sequoia Gigantea D1

Following 2 months, 75 drops Morning: Pinus Montana D1 Noon: Ribes Nigrum D1 Bedtime: Vitis Vinifera D1